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Patented Aug. 9,` |898.

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DUST COLLECTOR.

I (Application led Jan. 25, 18A97.)

N o Modal) Le..

4 Sheets-Sheet l.

\ Patented Aug. 9, |898. E. R. BEAVER. v VUST COLLECTOR. ,Qppumion glued nu. 25, 1597.)

nu.Y 608,587.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

W 2 r: 2 f 2a o 0 f l d 3 2 7 av L 2 M 2 Z 2 4 7 v0 o f. 2 w i 3 a 22\ /2 N A l 4/ 2 ll 2 4 m 2 H k No. 608,587. Patented Aug. 9, |398. E. R. DRAVER.

DUST COLLECTOR.

(Application led Jan. 25, 1597.) l

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

.No Model.)

Ry. e.

.ZzZLneJJes No.y 608,587. Patented Aug. 9, |898.

E. H. DRAVER.

DUST COLLECTOR.

(Application med Jan. 25, 1897.)

(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 4.

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' v UNITED *STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMIL R. BEAVER, oE STILLWATER, MINNESOTA, AssIeNoR, BY'MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, or vONE-HALE TO'MAEIE L. DRAvER, ou SAME PLACE.

Vo ustri-COLLECTOR.

SPECIFCATION forming part of Letters iPatentNo. 608,587, dated August 9, 1898.

' Application tied January 25, i897'. serai No. 620,588. (No man.)

To all whom t may concern:-

Be it known that I, EMIL R. DRAVER, a citizen of the United Statesresiding at Stillwater, in the county of Washington and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dust-Collectors; and

I do hereby declare the following to be a full,Y

clear, and exact description of the invention, such vas will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention has for its object to providean improvement in dust-collectors of the general type illustrated in vmy pending applications, Serial Nos. 611,185, 611,186, and 611,137, all filed of date November-5, 1896, and entitled dust-collectors.

My said present invention is most closely related to and is intended more particularly as an improvement on the form of dust-collector disclosed in my said pending application Serial No.' 611,185.

To the ends above noted my present invention consists of the novel devices and combinations of devices hereinafter described, and defined in the claims. Y

My present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein, like notations referring to like several viewsl. Y

Figure 1 is a view, partlyin side elevation and partlyinlongitudinal section, through my improved machine or dust-collectorrshown as organized for use as part of or in connection With a middlings-purier. Fig. V2 is a transverse vertical section taken substantially on the irregular line X2 X2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section taken through a portion of the machine, substantially on the line X3 X3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through a portion of the machine, taken substantially on the line X4 X4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5is a detail view in section, taken substantially on the line X5 X5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 isa perspective view, with some parts broken 'away and others shown in section, of substantially that'part of the machine Which'is illustrated "in Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 7 is a view, partly in side elevation and partly in section, with Some parts broken away, showing a portion of the machine and illusparts throughout the 'puriiied stock from a feed-hopper or spout -(not shown) and discharges into a deliveryspout 4.

The numeral 5 represents the main section ofthe closed or tight wall-chamberabove the sieves of the purifier, and the numeral 6 represents the'clean-air chamber at the top of the machine.

The numeralsA 7 and 8 represent, respectively, the fan and fan-case, (shown as mounted in theto'pwall of machine,) which fan is of the proper constructionto operate as a suction-fan for producing'forced 'currents of air through the machine. Y

Thenumeral 9 represents a series of transverse partitions connected and closed at their ends by the side walls of the chamber 6, which Ypartitions 9 are spacedapart from each other a suitable distance to form a series of cells or stalls 10. At their upper ends these cells 10 are partially closed by'neans of horizontaltop boards 11, provided with air-passages 12, which are adapted to be opened and closed by means of hinged or pivoted cut-,off gates 13. Preferably these gates are under a yielding strain which tends to hold the same open, and, as shown, this is accomplished by means of springs 14, applied as best shown in Fig. 5. The upward or opening movement of the gates 13 may be variably intercepted by means of a stop-bar 15, mounted 'for'slidirgfmovement longitudinally of the machine through suitable keepers 16, secured .on the upper face of the continuous horizontall partition formed by the top boards'11,`which bar 15 is provided Wit-h inclined or cam surfaces a, corresponding in number tothe number `of gates 13 and cooperating as stop-surfaces one IOO project from one end of the machine-frame and be terminated in a handpiece, by means of which it may be operated at will for securing the bar 15 in its different longitudinallyadjusted positions. The cells 1.0 are closed at their lower ends by ficxible bottoms coinposed of a center board or plate 17 and fiexi-'m ble joint-strips 1S, connecting said board 17 to the side walls U of said cells.

'lhc center boards 17 are each provided witlL a series of large perforations or holes 10 of the proper size to receive the lower open ends of a corresponding series of collecting-tubes 20, which are mounted in the cells 10. The said tubes 2O are made ot flannel or other suitable material adapted to serve as a collecting-surface. In the construction shown the upper ends of the collecting-tubes 2O arer closed by means of disks 21, which are sccured to said tubes and to rigid supportingbars 22, ruiming transversely of the machine,` but longitudinally of the cells or stalls 10, with their ends supported from the side walls of the chamber t3.

The center boards 17 of the flexible bottoms are vertically raised and then allowed to drop, so as to shake or rap the series of collecting-tubes to which they are attached, each by an independent lifting device. Each of these lifting devices, as preferably constructed, comprises a pair of vertically-movable lifting-rods 23, the lower ends of which are secured one to each end of the center beard 17 for that cell, and the upper portions of which extend through suitable passages in the bar 22 and the top board 11.. The upper ends of these lifting-rods 23 are pivotally attached to horizontal lever-arms 2l, fixed on a transverse rock-shaft The said shaft 25 is also provided with a depending lever-arm 2lb for rocking said shaft and shaking the collecting-tubes 20, as will later more fully appear. On the lifting-rods 23 are springs 2U, which are compressed between the supporting-bar 22 and pins 27, passed through said rods 23. These springs 2G serve normally to force the bottom or center board 17 downward to its extreme lowermost position, thereby distending the tubes 2O to their extreme length.

To operate the lifting devices just described and to close the cut-off gates in succession and during the intervals at which the corresponding or cooperating lifting devices are operated, I employ an endless traveler, preferably in the form of a sprocket-chain 28, which runs over suitable sprocket-wheels 20, mounted on shafts 30, one at each cud of the machine. As shown, the sprocket-chain 2S runs over and under a skid or guide 31,which is properly supported in a fixed position between and in line with the sprockets 2S). At one or more points the chain 28 is provided with a gate-closing device, preferably formed by several inwardly-prejecting blocks 32, secured to adjacent links of the chain. Said chain is also provided with blocks 33, which eos,

lO TC- mam clos l g n mm- ,crpritation of the dust from the tubes 2O am as shownJ there are three of the rm van@ with reference to-said 75 blocks 32 as t V- o ueratet n-ee "interval that the cut-off 'ratgeljisheld losed mlilbe underscol course, that the closing of the cut-off gates 8o is caused by the sliding engagement therewith and downward pressure thereon of the blocks 32 and that the skid or Y l over which the chain is passe( semlesirprcw, he chain from yielding or moving upwardljl uhleraTyendency which the cut-oft gates mi or 1o r main o )ci \Vhen one of the bloc :s E33 engages the free end of a particular lever 2lb, said lever will be rocked slowly and the bottom or center board 17 of the flexible bottom of the corresponding cell 10 will be raised to its limit, at which point the said block 33 will pass from under the lower end of said rock-lever arm 2lb, and the springs 2G will then bc permitted to act and throw said board 17 downward toits extreme limit with a sudden impulse, thereby simultaneously rapping or jarring all of the collecting-tubes of that particular cell. As shown, there are six collecting-tubes, arranged transversely of the machine in each cell or stall 10.

Runninglongitudinallyof the machine and located one under each transversely-adjacent pair of collecting-tubes 2O is a long hopperlike trough formed by pairs of converging deflecting-plates 3i,which terminate short of eachother. There are three of these hopperlike troughs, and, taken together, they form a substantially air-tight horizontal partition below the tubes 20, except for the longitudinal openings left between the converging ends of the deflecting-plates 3l. As shown, each longitudinal hopper thus formed is divided by a longitudinal vertical partition 35, the ends of which are fixed to the machineframe.

Immediately below each of the longitudinal hoppers just described is a longitudinallyextended trough 3G, which is open at its upper portion and has its upper edges spaced apart from the converging edges of the deflecting-plates 3l, of which said hopper like troughs are formed, to leave longitudinallyextended air-passages between said parts. In each of the dust-troughs 3G is a reciprocating conveyer, formed by a reciprocating partition-bar 37, set edgewise and provided on each side with a series of loosely-pivoted shovels 3S, that are free to move in one direction and, as shown, are held against movement in the other direction by stop-pins or projections 3f), carried by said bar 37. It will be noted that the reciprocating bar 37 is polOO IIO

project outward from the chain andare adaptsitioned to work directly under the bar 535 and coperates therewith to form a substan' tially air-tight partition dividing the dusttrough longitudinally into two compartments. The purposeY of this partition will be noted later on. At the rear of the machine the dusttroughs 36 terminate in small discharge-hoppers 40, provided with gravityheld hinged gates 4l. A common discharge-trough 42 receives from all'three of said hoppers 40. As is evident,when the bar 37 of the reciprocating conveyer has moved toward the front'of the machine the pivoted shovels 3S will slide freely over the dust collected in the troughs,

while when said bar is moved toward the rear of the machine said shovels will engage and positively carry the dust rearward toward the discharge-hoppers 40. The required reciprocating motion is given to the reciprocating conveyers and, as shown, simultaneously to all three of the same by means of the following device: Arod 43 is passed transversely through the forwardly-proj ecting ends of all of the reciprocating bars 37. 44 is a transverse rock-shaft mounted in suitable bearings on themachine-frame and provided with two or more depending arms 45, the free ends of which are pivoted on the rod 43. The rock-shaft 44 is also provided at one end with a forwardly-projecting arm 46, to the free end of which the lower end of a pitman-rod 47 is pivoted. yThe upper end of the pitman-rod 47 is pivoted to a crankpin carried by a sprocket 4S on the forward member of the chain-shafts 30. In the construction shown motion is imparted -to the sprocket-wheel 48 through a chain 49,which passes over the same and over another sprocket 50 on the vshaft 3. This shaft 3 receives motion in some ordinary manner. (Not shown.)

I'harve found by actual experience With`machines of this class that it is practically impossible'toA entirelyshut olf the forced draft through the Vcells and collecting-tubes, and that when this is attempted there will be more or less leakage through the cut-oif devices and other parts of the machine, and that this leakage will permit a slight suction from the fan, which will tend to hold particles of the dust against the'surfaces of the openings which are larger than those illustrated in Figs. l to (i, inclusive, and provide I in connection therewith means for automatically closing the same while the dust is being collected by'suction 'and for opening 'the However, I prefer to employ port! same while the dust is being precipitated from the collecting-tubes. This latter constru'ctionvis illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8, in which the port-openings or relief-ports 52 are adapted to be opened and closed by means of hinged valves or'port-gates 53, that are normally held closed by gravity.

' As shown, the valves 53 are provided with inwardly-projecting pins 54, that are adapted to be pressed by theV foot portion of a vertically-movable plunger55, working through a keeper 56 andA pivoted at its upper end to the free end of a cam-lever'57. This camlever 57 is pivoted to one of the cell top boards 11 and is provided with an inclined or cam portion 58, which works througha suitable slot cut in said board 1l and normally projects upward into the path of cam-blocks 59, some of which are formed on the bottoms of the lugsV or blocks 33, that operate the lifting devices, and others of which are carried b'y adjacent links of the link chain. These camblocks 59 operate on the camportion 5S of the lever 57 and positively hold the same downward and the valve 53 open during the time that the cut-off vgate 13 is in a similar manner held positively closed by the action of the cam-blocks 32. valve or port-gate 53 is sufficient to automatv ically close itself and-hold the parts 55 57 5S upward in their normal positions when the cam-surface 58 is not acted upon by the cambloeks 59.

Brieny summarized, the action of the machine as an Ventirety is substantially as follows: Under the updraftsuction from the fan 7 the dust from thevsievelZ'will be drawn upward and will gain entrance to the lower open ends of the collecting-tubes 2O by a winding course over the upper edges vof the dusttroughs 36 and under the converging edges of the deflecting-plates 34, as indicated `by arrows marked on Fig. 2. In taking this wind-V -ing course a very large portion of the dust will be precipitated directly into the dusttroughs by the deflecti-ng action of the deflecting-plates '34. Right here it is important to note thatthe 'vertical partition formed by the fixed bar 35 and the reciprocating bar 37 serves to prevent the currents of air which enter from the opposite'` sides of the trough from coming together or uniting within the trough. If these currents of air that enter from the opposite sides of the trough were'al- The weight of the IOO VIIO

lowed to come together within the trough,

they would produce vortices or whirling-updrafts, 'which would carry much of the dust which is precipitated into the trough on upward into the collecting-tubes. The dustladen air thus partially cleaned or lightened by the precipitating action of the deflectingplates 34 will be drawn upward into the vcollectin g-tubes 20.and the dust collected on the inner surfaces of the same, while the cleaned air will pass through said collecting-tubesV As already described, the cut-off gates of the series of cells will be closed in succession and the series of collecting-tubes in a given cell will be rapped or jarred while the cell is closed. The dust precipitated from the cellecting-tubes under this rapping or jarring action will fall onto the deflecting-plates 3i, or, in other words, into the hoppers formed by said plates 3;, and will be thereby directed into the dust-trouglis 36, from whence it will be discharged by the reciprocating conveyers in a manner already fully described.

It is desired to recall attention to the fact that the cut-off gate, located one in the delivery end of each cell, is held positively closed during the time that the rapping of the tubes contained in the said cell and the precipitation of the dust therefrom takes place. This is an important feature of construction, as it enables a much better and tighter joint to be made around the cut-off device, thus greatly reducing` the necessary amount of leakage.

Returning new to the relief-port feature of my invention and briefly analyzingr the principlc involved in the same, it will be seen that from a broad point of view any form of collecting medium may be employed in connection with any form of blast or forced-air device which will cause the collection of the dust on the collecting medium, it being only necessary that some form of cut-off device be employed which is adapted to relieve said collecting medium from the action of said forced-air device except as due to leakage and that one er more relief-ports be provided through such portion of the machine as will give a supply or escape of air to relieve the collecting medium from the forced current of air due to leakage. As already indicated, the relief-ports should be of such size and number that their aggregate opening is in excess of that of the leakage-passages. Ilence it is obvious that to obtain the greatest economy in the use of air the relief-ports should be opened and closed in the manner illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 or in some other suitable maniier. As has also been indicated before, the strength of the draft of air through the collecting-tubes may be varied by adjusting the stop-bar 15 longitudinally of themachine, so as to cause its cam portions to variably intercept the upward vopening movements of the cut-eff gates 13. It is of course obvious that the opening movements of all of the cut-off gates are simultaneously varied by one and the same movement of the loiigitudinal stop-bar l5.

Freni the foregoing statements it is thought to be evident that various alterations iii the details of construction above specifically illustrated may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention. For example, the collecting-tubes 2O instead of being fixed at their upper ends aiidjarred or moved from their lower ends might be fixed at their lower ends and jarred or moved from their upper ends. Again, the shovels 38, which are pivoted to the opposite faces of the reciprocating conveyer-bar 37, might be limited in their pivotal movement in one direction by means other than the stops 3f) on said bar. One modification which I have contemplated consists simply in giving the shovels sufficient forward pitch so that they may rest directly upon the bottom of the trough, in which case the action of the shovels would be substantially identical with that of the construction specifically described.

The term traveler is used to indicate a body that is mounted to move over or pass the series of gates or cut-off devices whether mounted for endless or reciprocating movenien t.

lVhat I claim, and desire to secure by Iletters Patent of the United States, is as follows:

l. In a d ust-collector, thc combination with a series of cells, of dust-collecting media in said cells, a series of hinged cut-off gates one in the head of each cell, normally held in their open positions, an endless traveler provided with projecting cani lugs or blocks which cngage and positively close said cut-off gates, and a fixed skid or guide, under and over which said endless carrier runs, substantially as described.

2. In a dust-collector, the combination with the collecting medium and means for producing a forced circulation therethrough, of a dcvice or devices for cutting off the forced circulation through said collecting media, and a relief port or ports which compensate for leakage and relieve said collecting media from forced currents of air, while the cut-off dcvices are closed, substantially as described.

In a dust-collector, the combination with the collecting medium and means for producing a forced circulation of air therethrough, of a device or devices for cutting off the forced circulation of the air through said medium, relief-ports which compensate for leakage and relieve said collecting medium from forced currents of air, while said cut-eff devices are closed, and a valve for each of said reliefports, normally closed but automatically opened when said cut-off device is closed, substantially as described.

et. In a dust-collector, the combination with a suction-fan a series of cells and dust-collecting media therein, of cut-off devices for closing the outlets 0f said cells, and reliefports to compensate for leakage and relieve said collecting media from forced drafts, when said cut-off devices are in their closed positions, substantially as described.

5. In a dust-collector, the combination with a suction-fan, a series of cells and dust-collecting media therein, of cut-off devices for closing the outlets of said cells, relief-ports to compensate for leakage, and automaticallyoperated valves opening and closing said rclief-ports, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In adust-collector, the combination with IOO IIO

a suction-fan, a series of cells and dust-COL- leeting media therein, of eut-off devices for closing the outlets of said cells, relief-ports to compensate for leakage,valves opening and closing said relief-ports, and an endless trav'- eler operative to open and close said cut-oft devices and said relief-port valves, in reverse order, substantially as and for the purposes setV forth. Y

7 In a dust-collector, the combination with a suction-fan, a series of cells, a series'of collecting tubes or pockets in said cells and corresponding series of tube shaking or rappingv devices, of independently-hinged cut-off gates in the heads of said cells, relief-ports to coin'- pensate `for leakage, valves in said reliefports, kand an endless traveler, operative to openand close said cut-off gates and said port-valves, in reverse order, and to operate said shaking or rapping devices WhileV the corresponding cut-off gates are closed, substantially as described.

` 8. The combination with a cell and a dustcollecting'medium therein, of la cut-off device or gate in one end'of the same, under yield-j ing strain to remain open, and an adjustable stop for variably intercepting the opening movement of said cut-o device or gate, substantially as described. l

9. The combination with a series of cells and dust-collecting media, of individual cut- -oi Ydevices or gates'in the heads of said cells,

under yielding strain to remain open, and an adjustable stop device for simultaneously varying the normal open positions of a series of said cut-off devices or gates, substantially as described.v

EMIL R. DRAvER.

Vitnesses:

" L. CgELMoRE, F. D. MERCHANT. 

